Ninja 忍者

Traditionally called shinobi 忍び, Shadow fighter, In the troubles of the Sengoku period, 15th and 17th centuries, hiring the services of mercenaries and spies had become commonplace in the province of Iga and in the adjacent area around the village of Koga and it is from the clans of these regions that the most of our knowledge of the ninja. After the unification of Japan under the Tokugawa Shogunate, 17th century, the ninja vanished into darkness. A number of Shinobi textbooks, often based on Chinese military philosophy, were written in the 17th and 18th centuries, including the Bansenshukai (1676).

Because of their likely geographical origin, ninjas are also sometimes called men of Iga, Iga no mono or Koga, or even troop of Iga, Iga shu or Koga. But in the past, several clans were scattered throughout Japan.
The most famous ninjas were probably from these two neighbouring provinces located next to Kyoto.
The most famous ninjas were probably from these two neighbouring provinces located next to Kyoto.

The ninja also refers to the one who follows and completes the ninjutsu training, an extremely rigorous discipline focused on survival, applied during the wartime periods of medieval Japan,
The ninjas originally came from troops formed between the 8th and 9th centuries, and bushi defeated without lords, ronin, they developed survival techniques in these wild lands, as well as pragmatic combat techniques from various backgrounds.
Pirates in the Kumano region, to whom they owe the techniques of using grapples.
Yamabushi, ascetics living in the mountains and followers of shugend, mystical practices.
Buddhist monks in the region, including esoteric Shingon Buddhists.
The ninjas originally came from troops formed between the 8th and 9th centuries, and bushi defeated without lords, ronin, they developed survival techniques in these wild lands, as well as pragmatic combat techniques from various backgrounds.
Pirates in the Kumano region, to whom they owe the techniques of using grapples.
Yamabushi, ascetics living in the mountains and followers of shugend, mystical practices.
Buddhist monks in the region, including esoteric Shingon Buddhists.

A ninja's "mission" is an intelligence mission, which means avoiding combat at all costs to return alive. The training therefore focuses on defense and dodge techniques, so as to escape the enemy.

The term ninjutsu, or shinobi jutsu, refers to all the techniques of ninjas. This includes combat techniques, including the misuse of conventional weapons, bare-kntud combat (tai jutsu), but also camouflage techniques (hens-jutsu, doton no jutsu), the use of explosives, poisons, prestidigitation (gen jutsu), swimming, horse riding, etc.

Ninjutsu also includes knowledge of meteorology, astronomy, medicine, psychology, chemistry and mathematics that are no longer taught today. Thus, some ninjas designed or mined, they were what would now be called engineers

Taihenjutsu: art of moving, acrobatics.

Kajutsu, kayakujutsu: use of fire.